腸道和呼吸道雙重病原體對(duì)豬只生長(zhǎng)、效率、胴體組成和豬肉品質(zhì)的影響

發(fā)布單位:天津瑞孚農(nóng)牧科技集團(tuán)有限公司

查看次數(shù)：6794

時(shí)間：2019-11-15

本研究的目的是，探討呼吸道和腸道雙重病原體對(duì)豬只生長(zhǎng)性能、胴體組成和豬肉品質(zhì)的影響。按照飼料剩余量（RFI）分開選擇豬只（68 kg），分別代表高飼料轉(zhuǎn)化率組和低飼料轉(zhuǎn)化率組；在接種疫苗的當(dāng)天（dpi 0）注射豬肺炎支原體（Mh）和細(xì)胞內(nèi)勞森菌（MhLI）給一半的豬只（12頭）進(jìn)行雙重病原體感染挑戰(zhàn)試驗(yàn)，另外一半豬只（12頭）放置在另外單獨(dú)的房間作為對(duì)照組。
分別在適應(yīng)階段（階段1：dpi -21～0）、注射感染高峰期（階段2：dpi 0～42）和達(dá)到市場(chǎng)體重剩余期（階段3：dpi 42～達(dá)到市場(chǎng)體重）對(duì)豬只進(jìn)行稱重，記錄采食量，以此來計(jì)算ADG、ADFI和G：F。按照商業(yè)程序，豬只在125 kg時(shí)達(dá)到市場(chǎng)體重，對(duì)胴體（重量、無脂肪瘦肉和腰眼區(qū)第十肋骨脂肪深度）和肉質(zhì)（pH值下降、溫度下降和色度Hunter L、a、b，以及主觀顏色、大理石紋、星探測(cè)器分析、滴水損失、烹調(diào)損失、相似成分和肌間線蛋白降解）進(jìn)行評(píng)估。
試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)表明，病毒試驗(yàn)組豬只，在階段2時(shí)ADFI降低（P < 0.05），但是在階段3時(shí)ADG和G：F增加（P < 0.05），同時(shí)，在試驗(yàn)組中，按照RFI飼料效率分開的豬只沒有出現(xiàn)差異（P > 0.05）。與低RFI組相比，高RFI低飼料效率組豬只豬排滴水損失和烹飪損失增加，水分含量降低，色度Hunter L值升高，Hunter b值增加（P < 0.05）。總體來看，病原體的感染并沒有對(duì)豬只胴體組成和肉質(zhì)特征產(chǎn)生顯著影響（P > 0.05）。
試驗(yàn)表明，在生長(zhǎng)早期MhLI感染挑戰(zhàn)對(duì)豬只最終的胴體組成和肉質(zhì)特性不會(huì)產(chǎn)生顯著影響，飼料采食效率的分組沒有影響病原體產(chǎn)生的效應(yīng)。

Effect of a dual enteric and respiratory pathogen challenge on swine growth, efficiency, carcass composition, and pork quality
The objective of this study was to determine the influence of a dual respiratory and enteric pathogen challenge on growth performance, carcass composition, and pork quality of high and low feed efficient pigs. Pigs divergently selected for low and high residual feed intake (RFI, ~ 68 kg) from the 11th generation of Iowa State University RFI project were used to represent high and low feed efficiency. To elicit a dual pathogen challenge, half of the pigs (n = 12 / line) were inoculated with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae(Mh) and Lawsonia intracellularis (MhLI) on days post inoculation (dpi) 0. Pigs in a separate room of the barn were not inoculated and used as controls (n = 12 / RFI line). Pigs were weighed and feed intake was recorded to calculate ADG, ADFI, and G:F for the acclimation period (period 1: dpi -21 - 0), during peak infection (period 2: dpi 0 - 42), and during the remaining growth period to reach market weight (period 3: dpi 42 – harvest). At ~ 125 kg, pigs were harvested using standard commercial procedures. Carcasses were evaluated f or composition (weight, fat free lean, loin eye area, 10th rib fat depth) and meat quality (pH decline, temperature decline, Hunter L, a, and b, subjective color and marbling, star probe, drip loss, cook loss, proximate composition, and desmin degradation). Challenged pigs had lesser ADFI than controls during period 2 (P < 0.05), but had greater ADG and G:F during period 3 (P < 0.05). Selection for feed efficiency did not result in a differential response to MhLI (P > 0.05). Loin chops from the less feed efficient, high RFI pigs, had greater drip loss, greater cook loss, lesser moisture content, greater Hunter L values, and greater Hunter b values (P < 0.05) than loin chops from low RFI pigs. Infection status did not significantly affect carcass composition or pork quality traits (P > 0.05). These results indicate that a MhLI challenge early in growth did not significantly impact ultimate carcass composition or meat quality traits. Selection for greater feed efficiency in pigs did not affect their response to pathogenic challenge.

文章來源：豬營(yíng)養(yǎng)國(guó)際論壇
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