鐵、VA及二者互作對仔豬腸道發(fā)育和細(xì)胞分化的影響

發(fā)布單位:天津瑞孚農(nóng)牧科技集團(tuán)有限公司

查看次數(shù)：6148

時間：2021-11-19
本試驗(yàn)旨在研究鐵、維生素A（VA）及其互作對哺乳仔豬腸道發(fā)育和細(xì)胞分化的影響。試驗(yàn)選用32頭體重相近的0 d新生仔豬，隨機(jī)分為4組，每組8個重復(fù)，每個重復(fù)1頭豬；所有的小豬都是母乳喂養(yǎng)的；在此基礎(chǔ)上，分別于第2、7、12、17 d給予仔豬生理鹽水（CON組）、硫酸亞鐵（OAFe組）、VA（VA組）或硫酸亞鐵+ VA（OAFe + VA組）；于第21天屠宰，采集仔豬腸道樣本。

結(jié)果表明，1）鐵顯著提高了小腸長度、重量、相對重量和長重比（P < 0.001）；另一方面，VA對小腸重長比（P = 0.015）和相對重量（P < 0.001）有顯著影響。2）腸道形態(tài)方面，補(bǔ)鐵（P <0.05）對腸絨毛高度（VH）、隱窩深度（CD）、絨毛寬度（VW）和表面積有顯著影響；此外，VA、VA與鐵的互作均可增加VH（P < 0.05）和表面積（P = 0.001）；鐵提高了隱窩杯狀細(xì)胞、ki67陽性細(xì)胞和內(nèi)分泌細(xì)胞的數(shù)量（P < 0.01）；VA、VA與鐵的互作均增加了絨毛內(nèi)內(nèi)分泌細(xì)胞數(shù)量（P = 0.05）。3）在干細(xì)胞分化標(biāo)記基因mRNA表達(dá)水平方面，鐵降低了滋養(yǎng)蛋白2（Trop2）、富亮氨酸重復(fù)序列含G蛋白偶聯(lián)受體5陽性（Lgr5+）、異致死效應(yīng)基因1（Msl1）、BMI 1原癌基因、多梳環(huán)指基因（Bmi1）和Ascl2基因的表達(dá)（P < 0.05）。另一方面，VA增加了Ascl2的表達(dá)（P = 0.001），盡管VA與鐵的互作對分泌磷蛋白1（Spp1）和Bmi1的表達(dá)有影響（P < 0.05）。盡管鐵、VA和鐵的互作對這些基因的表達(dá)無影響，但VA降低了鐵反應(yīng)元件/鐵調(diào)節(jié)蛋白（IRE/IRP）信號通路中烏頭酸酶1（Aco1，P < 0.001）、轉(zhuǎn)鐵蛋白受體（TFRC，P = 0.001）和溶質(zhì)載體家族11成員2（DMT1，P = 0.003）的mRNA表達(dá)。

由此可見，VA、鐵及其互作可促進(jìn)仔豬腸道發(fā)育和上皮細(xì)胞分化。

Effects of iron, vitamin A, and the interaction between the two nutrients on intestinal development and cell differentiation in piglets
This study aimed to investigate the effects of iron, vitamin A (VA) and their interaction on intestinal development and differentiation of cells in suckling piglets. Therefore, 32 Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire 0-d-old newborn boars with similar body weights were randomly divided into four groups, with eight replicates in each group and one pig in each replicate. All the piglets were breastfed. In addition, the piglets were given normal saline (CON group) or ferrous sulfate (OAFe group) or VA (VA group) or ferrous sulfate and VA (OAFe + VA group) on the 2nd, 7th, 12th, and 17th day, respectively. The piglets were then slaughtered on the 21st day, and intestinal samples were collected. The results showed that: 1) iron (P < 0.001) significantly increased the length, weight, relative weight, and the length to weight ratio of the small intestine. On the other hand, VA had a significant effect on the weight to length ratio (P = 0.015) and relative weight (P < 0.001) of the small intestine; 2) with regard to intestinal morphology, supplementation with iron (P <0.05) had obvious effects on the villus height (VH), crypt depth (CD), villus width (VW), and surface area. Additionally, both VA and interaction of VA and iron increased the VH (P < 0.05) and surface area (P = 0.001). The results also showed that iron (P < 0.01) increased the number of crypt goblet cells, Ki67-positive cells, and endocrine cells. Moreover, both VA and the interaction between VA and iron increased the number of endocrine cells in the villi (P = 0.05); 3) With regard to the mRNA expression levels of stem cell differentiation marker genes, iron (P < 0.05) decreased the expression of trophinin 2 (Trop2), leucine-rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 positive (Lgr5+), male-specific lethal 1(Msl1), BMI 1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger (Bmi1), and achaete-scute family bHLH transcription factor 2 (Ascl2). On the other hand, VA increased the expression of Ascl2 (P = 0.001) although the interaction of VA and iron (P < 0.05) had an effect on the expression of secreted phosphoprotein 1 (Spp1) and Bmi1. In addition, VA decreased the gene or mRNA expression of aconitase 1 (Aco1; P < 0.001), transferrin receptor (TFRC; P = 0.001), and solute carrier family 11 member 2 (DMT1; P = 0.003) in the Iron Reactive Element/Iron Regulatory Protein (IRE/IRP) signaling pathway although iron and the interaction of VA and iron had no effect on the genes’ expression. The results therefore showed that VA, iron, and their interaction can promote intestinal development and epithelial cell differentiation in piglets.

文章來源：豬營養(yǎng)國際論壇
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